Let’s talk immunity!

For many parents the dream of starting a family is years in the making. Then, nine months of pregnancy go by in a flash before that special moment arrives. With a new-born in their arms, it’s clear to parents that they will do anything to keep them safe from harm.

Our belief 

The immune system plays an essential role in protecting an infant from illness. But it is complex; the way an infant’s immune system develops and functions depends on a variety of elements, many of which are not yet fully understood.  What we do know is that for a new-born, breast milk offers the most important source of defence , because it contains protective proteins such as immunoglobulins and lactoferrin, alongside human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) and long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs) [1] . These compounds impact the immune system in a number of different ways, from demonstrating anti-pathogenic effects and supporting gut barrier function,  to balancing microbiota and modulating the immune system [1].

At FrieslandCampina Ingredients we believe that delivering the right combination of nutrients with the right mechanisms makes all the difference in building and strengthening infant immunity. That’s why we offer a broad range of ingredients that all offer their own specific potential to support the infant immune system [5-41].

Immunity is of top priority for parents

According to a recent global survey, 59% of parents are concerned about their infant’s immune health, which makes immune health the Number 1 concern amongst parents of 0-1 year olds. Parents indicate that immune-related symptoms such as diarrhoea, runny nose, cough and fever have affected their children  most frequently in the last six months.

Important immunity mechanisms in early life

When a baby is born, its immune system has not yet fully matured. During the final stage of pregnancy and when breast feeding, the baby receives a certain amount of bioactive proteins (e.g. immunoglobulins) from the mother, which offers a great start when it comes to inhibiting pathogens [2].

However, those bioactive protein levels decrease within a few months following birth, and are absent entirely if breast feeding is not possible. In such cases, it’s all the more important that a new-born’s immune system develops quickly and grows strong to protect the infant when exposed to pathogens and other external threats. As 70% of the immune system is in the gut [3], gut health plays an important role in immunity. In other words: the inside matters, and the immune system needs to be built with the right support from within.

From a scientific standpoint, there are four key elements that help to build and strengthen the immune system, via different but interactive mechanisms: microbiota, gut barrier,  anti-pathogenic effects and immune modulation [2,4]. Some specific nutrients in human milk support these 4 mechanisms, in one way or another  [1]

 

 

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Vivinal® Lactoferrin infographic

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Vivinal® MFGM infographic

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Vivinal® GOS infographic

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Aequival® 2’-FL infographic

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Let's talk immunity with experts

Mrs. Candy Wong Hiu Wah

A Chinese mother of a 1-year-old daughter Isabel

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Read more about Mrs. Candy Wong Hiu Wah

Prof.dr.ir. Huub Savelkoul

Head of the Cell Biology and Immunology Group, Wageningen University

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Read more about Prof.dr.ir. Huub Savelkoul

Dr. Laurien Ulfman

Senior Researcher in Immunity at FrieslandCampina

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Read more about Dr. Laurien Ulfman

Prof. Dr. Joost van Neerven

Professor of Mucosal Immunology, Wageningen University, Senior Scientist at FrieslandCampina

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Read more about Prof. Dr. Joost van Neerven

Related Ingredients

 

Vana-Sana ® Micro-encapsulated LC-PUFA oils

Features DHA and ARA, involved in the prevention of common respiratory complaints and diarrhoea38,39. These fatty acids steer cells of the adaptive immune system40 and assist in gut barrier integrity41

 

 

Vivinal® MFGM

Supports the development of the immune system via its potential role in gut maturation6,7,9, gut barrier function5,8 and by reducing the risk of infections10-13

 

 

Aequival® 2’-FL

Can support immunity by stimulating the growth of Bifidobacteria28,29, reducing the risk of infections30-33, and via its potential anti-inflammatory effect35,36 and role in gut maturation34.

 

 

Vivinal® Lactoferrin

Can strengthen immunity by reducing the risk of infections14-20and may play an important role in immune modulation45,46

 

 

Vivinal® GOS

Supports immunity by stimulating growth of healthy bacteria (e.g. Bifidobacteria) in the infant gut21,22, reducing the risk of infections23-25, supporting gut barrier function26,27 and modulating immunity42,43,44

 

 

 

References

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  4. Ximenez, C. & Torres, J. Development of Microbiota in Infants and its Role in Maturation of Gut Mucosa and Immune System. Arch. Med. Res. 48, 666–680 (2017)
  5. Anderson RC, MacGibbon AKH, Haggarty N, et al (2018) Bovine dairy complex lipids improve in vitro measures of small intestinal epithelial barrier integrity. PLoS One. 2018 Jan 5;13(1):e0190839.
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  17. King, J. C. et al. A double-blind, placebo-controlled, pilot study of bovine lactoferrin supplementation in bottle-fed infants. J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr. 44, 245–251 (2007).
  18. Gao, Y. et al. Enteral Lactoferrin Supplementation for Preventing Sepsis and Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Preterm Infants : A Meta‑Analysis With Trial Sequential Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Front. Pharmacol. 11, 1186 (2020).
  19. Tarnow-Mordi, William O., Mohamed E. Abdel-Latif, Andrew Martin, Mohan Pammi, Kristy Robledo, Paolo Manzoni, David Osborn, et al. 2020. “The Effect of Lactoferrin Supplementation on Death or Major Morbidity in Very Low Birthweight Infants (LIFT): A Multicentre, Double-Blind, Randomised Controlled Trial.” The Lancet Child and Adolescent Health 4 (6): 444–54.
  20. Johnston, W. H. et al. Growth and tolerance of formula with lactoferrin in infants through one year of age: double-blind, randomized, controlled trial. BMC Pediatr. 15, 173 (2015).
  21. Ben, X.-M. et al. Supplementation of milk formula with galacto-oligosaccharides improves intestinal micro-flora and fermentation in infants. Chin. Med. J. (Engl). 117, 927–931 (2004).
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  25. Ranucci, G. et al. Galacto-oligosaccharide/polidextrose enriched formula protects against respiratory infections in infants at high risk of atopy: A randomized clinical trial. Nutrients 10, (2018).
  26. Akbari, P. et al. Galacto-oligosaccharides Protect the Intestinal Barrier by Maintaining the Tight Junction Network and Modulating the Inflammatory Responses after a Challenge with the Mycotoxin Deoxynivalenol in Human Caco-2 Cell. J Nutr 145, 1604–1613 (2015).
  27. Krumbeck, J. A., Rasmussen, H. E., Hutkins, R. W., Clarke, J. & Shawron, K. Probiotic Bifidobacterium strains and galactooligosaccharides improve intestinal barrier function in obese adults but show no synergism when used together as synbiotics. Microbiome 6, 1–16 (2018).
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  34. Holscher, H. D., Davis, S. R. & Tappenden, K. A. Human milk oligosaccharides influence maturation of human intestinal Caco-2Bbe and HT-29 cell lines. J. Nutr. 144, 586–91 (2014).
  35. Autran, C. A., Schoterman, M. H. C., Jantscher-Krenn, E., Kamerling, J. P. & Bode, L. Sialylated galacto-oligosaccharides and 2’-fucosyllactose reduce necrotising enterocolitis in neonatal rats. Br. J. Nutr. 116, 294–299 (2016).
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  38. Lapillone A. Enteral and Parenteral Lipid Requirements of Preterm Infants. In: Koletzko B, Poindexter B, Uauy R, editors. Nutr. Care Preterm Infants Sci. Basis Pract. Guidel., Basel: Karger; 2014, p. 82–98. doi:10.1159/000358460.
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  41. Radzikowska U, Rinaldi AO, Çelebi Sözener Z, et al (2019) The Influence of Dietary Fatty Acids on Immune Responses. Nutrients. 2019 Dec 6;11(12):2990.
  42. Bermudez-Brito, M. et al. The impact of dietary fibers on dendritic cell responses in vitro is dependent on the differential effects of the fibers on intestinal epithelial cells. Mol Nutr Food Res 59, 698–710 (2015).
  43. Schouten, B. et al. A Potential Role for CD25+ Regulatory T-cells in the Protection Against Casein Allergy by Dietary Non-Digestible Carbohydrates. J. Nutr. 107, 96–105 (2012).
  44. Jeurink, P. V, van Esch, B. C. A. M., Rijnierse, A., Garssen, J. & Knippels, L. M. J. Mechanisms underlying immune effects of dietary oligosaccharides. J. Clin. Nutr. 98, 572S–577S (2013).
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  46. Kruzel, M. L., Zimecki, M. & Actor, J. K. Lactoferrin in a context of inflammation-induced pathology. Frontiers in Immunology 8, (2017).

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